Mkhalidwe Wamakono Wakutembenuka Kwa Zinyalala Zazakudya

Nkhani zaposachedwa zakutaya zinyalala za chakudya

Lamulo la kompositi la California (SB 1383) laperekedwa kuyambira 2016 ndipo lidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2022. Silidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 2024 chaka chino. Vermont ndi California apereka kale lamuloli. Pofuna kusandutsa zinyalala za chakudya kukhala mafuta, madipatimenti aboma akugwira ntchito yomanga zofunikira, makina opangira gasi, ndi zida zopangira manyowa, koma kupita patsogolo kukuchedwa.

Kwa mlimi wa ku Thompson, Conn., okhala ndi zoyatsira zinyalala zapafupi zomwe zimatseka ndikukwera ndalama zotaya zinyalala, kutembenuza zinyalala za chakudya kukhala mphamvu kunali kopambana. Kumbali imodzi, zinyalala zazakudya zimapanga pafupifupi 25% ya zinyalala zam'deralo zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa. Kumbali inayi, methane yopangidwa ndi digester ya anaerobic imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakutentha kwanuko komanso magetsi. Chigayo chokonzedwa chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumtunda kuti nthaka ikhale yachonde. Komabe, mtengo womanga ma digesters a biogas ndi wokwera kwambiri ndipo sungathe kukwaniritsa kutulutsa zinyalala komweko. Padakali chakudya chochuluka chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwa.

Malo ogulitsira ku Australia amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowumitsa madzi kuti asungunuke madzi m'zakudya kuti achepetse kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinyalala, ndikusunga zakudya zochulukirapo ndikumatenthetsa kutentha kwambiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo ndipo zimaperekedwa ku maiwe a nsomba osadyedwa. Zindikirani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu pamene mukutsuka zinyalala mopanda vuto.

Popeza ganizo lochepetsa mpweya wa carbon ndi kuteteza chilengedwe lidaperekedwa, anthu ambiri atcheru khutu ku kutaya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala. Panthawiyi, malinga ndi ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana, zosowa zosiyanasiyana ndi masikelo opangira, momwe mungasankhire njira zamakono zothandizira zinyalala za chakudya kuti muchepetse ndalama komanso kukulitsa kuyambiranso kwachuma komanso phindu lachuma lakhala funso lomwe anthu akuganiza. Pano pali mndandanda waumisiri wamakono wowononga zinyalala kuti apatse ogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chosankha zida.

Kusanthula kwa matekinoloje osintha zinyalala zazakudya

1.Njira yotayirapo

Njira yachikhalidwe yotaya zinyalala imagwira makamaka zinyalala zosasankhidwa. Zili ndi ubwino wosavuta komanso wotsika mtengo, koma kuipa kwake ndikuti kumakhala m'dera lalikulu ndipo kumakhala kosavuta kuipitsa yachiwiri. Panopa, zotayirapo zakale m'manda wothinikizidwa zinyalala kapena phulusa pambuyo incineration, ndi kuchita odana ndi kulowa mankhwala. Zakudya zikatha kutayidwa, methane yopangidwa ndi fermentation ya anaerobic imatulutsidwa mumlengalenga, zomwe zimakulitsa mphamvu ya wowonjezera kutentha. Kutaya malo sikuvomerezeka potaya zinyalala za chakudya.

2.Tekinoloje yamankhwala achilengedwe

Ukadaulo wamankhwala achilengedwe umagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tiwononge zinthu zomwe zili muzakudya ndikuzisintha kukhala H2O, CO2 ndi zinthu zazing'ono zama cell kuti zichepetse zinyalala ndikupanga zinthu zochepa zolimba zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wachilengedwe wa biomass. Ukadaulo wodziwika bwino wamankhwala achilengedwe umaphatikizapo kompositi, kuthirira kwa aerobic, kuthirira kwa anaerobic, ma digesters a biogas, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuwotchera kwa Anaerobic kumagwira ntchito pamalo otsekedwa mokwanira pansi pa anoxia kapena mpweya wochepa, ndipo makamaka kumapanga methane, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu yoyera ndikuwotchedwa kuti apange magetsi. Komabe, zotsalira za biogas zomwe zimatulutsidwa pambuyo pa chimbudzi zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe ndipo ziyenera kukonzedwanso ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fetereza.

Chithunzi. Mawonekedwe a zida za OWC Food Waste Bio-Dgester ndi kusanja nsanja

Ukadaulo wa aerobic fermentation umasonkhezera zinyalala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mofanana ndikukhala ndi okosijeni wokwanira kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito yokhazikika, yotsika mtengo, ndipo imatha kupanga gawo lapansi la feteleza wapamwamba kwambiri. HYHH's OWC Food Waste Bio-Digester imagwiritsa ntchito luso lapamwamba la kutentha kwa aerobic fermentation ndi kuwongolera mwanzeru kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha mkati mwa zipangizo kumakhala kokhazikika mkati mwazochita zambiri za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kutentha kwambiri kungathenso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mazira a tizilombo mu zinyalala.

3.Feed luso

Mall ku Australia omwe tawatchula kale amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopangira chakudya. Ukadaulo wa chakudya chowuma ndikuumitsa zinyalala za chakudya pa 95 ~ 120 ℃ kwa maola opitilira 2 kuti muchepetse chinyezi chazinyalala kuchepera 15%. Kuonjezera apo, pali njira yodyetsera mapuloteni, yomwe ndi yofanana ndi chithandizo chachilengedwe ndipo imalowetsa tizilombo toyenerera mu zinyalala kuti tisinthe zinthu zamoyo kukhala mapuloteni. Mankhwalawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo kapena ngati chakudya cha ng'ombe ndi nkhosa. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwambiri pazochitika zomwe gwero la zinyalala la chakudya limakhala lokhazikika ndipo zigawo zake zimakhala zosavuta.

4. Njira yowotcha yogwirizana

Zakudya zowonongeka zimakhala ndi madzi ambiri, kutentha pang'ono, ndipo sizovuta kuwotcha. Zomera zina zowotchera zimasakaniza zinyalala zomwe zidakonzedwa kale kukhala zinyalala zamatauni m'gawo loyenera kuti liwotchedwe limodzi.

5.Chidebe chosavuta cha kompositi chapakhomo

Ndi kuzama kwa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe komanso kutchuka kwa intaneti, pali zolemba zambiri kapena makanema okhudza kupanga nkhokwe za kompositi zotayira kunyumba. Ukadaulo wa kompositi wosavuta umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso zinyalala zapanyumba zomwe zidawola zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala mbewu pabwalo. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusankha kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mapangidwe a chidebe chopangira kompositi, ndi zigawo za zakudya zowonongeka zokha, zotsatira zake zimasiyana kwambiri, ndipo mavuto monga fungo lamphamvu, kuwonongeka kosakwanira, ndi nthawi yayitali ya composting ikhoza kuchitika.